皆さん、
おはようございます (Good morning). This is a repost. =)
For this article, I did a reference from this book: 初級日本語文法と教え方のポイント by： 石川保子先生. Her books are really very good. Please support her books.
Let’s take a look at 「ために」 first.
A ために、 B
Chinese translation of 「ために」: 因此，因而，所以
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原因・理由を表す (Describing Cause/Reason)
For A: Put in a sentence that describes cause or reason. It can also be a sentence that describes a purpose. A sentence that should have with a cause/reason and result.
Let’s take a look at an example.
Sentence 1:
急用ができたために、午後の会議には出られません。
Because of some urgent business, i cannot attend the afternoon meeting.
Let’s take a look at another sentence.
Sentence 2:
急用ができたために、午後の会議は休ませてください。
Because of some urgent business, please allow me to rest from the afternoon meeting.
Sentence 2 is not correct. For B, you cannot have sentences that describe volition.
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目的を表す (Describe Purpose/Aim)
When you are using this grammar for describing purpose and aim, it is ok to have sentences that describe volition for B
Example Sentences:
家族を守るためにがんばりました。
For the sake of protecting my family, i worked hard
家族を守るためにがんばってください。
For the sake of protecting your family, please work hard
家族を守るためにがんばれ！
For the sake of protecting your family, Work hard!
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Now, for 「ように」
A ように B
Chinese translation for 「ように」: 为了
For A: Put in a sentence that describes a purpose.
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Example Sentences:
日本語の会話が理解できるように、毎日テープを聞いている。
In order to be able to understand Japanese conversation, every day i listen to the tape.
子供が元気に育つように、親は頑張っている。
In order to raise the children up, the parents are working hard
風邪をひどくならないように、薬を飲んで早めに寝よう。
In order for the cold not to get worse, do take your medicine and go to bed early.
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There are lots of examples that before 「ように」, verbs that are non volitional or verbs with ない form are used.
You can take it as in order to achieve the result that is describe by B, A is done.
For 「ために」, you already know in your consciousness (意識) that you need to achieve something , so you express the will to want to complete something.
Like in this sentence,
家族を守るためにがんばりました。
For the sake of protecting my family, i worked hard
as compared to 「ように」 whereby you express the aim and what you are doing to achieve the aim.
子供が元気に育つように、親は頑張っている。
In order to raise the children up, the parents are working hard
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Some other good examples out there:
http://forum.jisho.org/discussion/1208/in-order-to-%E7%82%BA%E3%81%AB%E3%80%80%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%AB/p1
http://www.sowto.com/ks/yyxx/ryxx/200510/ks_1582.html
learnjapanese.sg 