Grammar · N5
Self Study Japanese Lesson 9: Verbs 2 — where you do it, and past and negative forms
By Can (original WordPress byline: dimitri2012) ·
Dear all,
In lesson 9, we are going further into verbs.
As mentioned in lesson 7, there are generally 2 types of verbs, transitive (他動詞/たどうし/ta-dou-shi) and intransitive verbs (自動詞/じどうし/ji-dou-shi).
As many of you may know, transitive verbs take in a object and intransitive verbs don’t take in an object.
The general structure is like this.
Person wa Object o Verb
HKさん は いちご を たべます。
HK san wa Ichigo o tabemasu / HK is going to eat/will eat strawberry
In lesson 9, we are going to learn how to say the location where you do an action.
The structure is like this.
Person wa Place de Object o Verb
E.g
HKさん は うちで いちご を たべます。
HK san wa uchi de ichigo o tabemasu / HK is going to eat/will eat strawberry at home.
If you at a 「か」 at the back, it will become a question.
E.g
HKさん は うちで いちご を たべますか
HK san wa uchi de ichigo o tabemasu ka / Is HK going to eat/will eat strawberry at home?
。。。はい、うちで たべます。
hai, uchi de tabemasu / Yes, he is going to eat/will eat at home.
。。。いいえ、うちで たべません。
iie, uchi de tabemasen / No he is not going to/will not eat at home
To make the verb become negative, change the 「ます/masu」 to 「ません/masen」.
- たべます (to eat) → たべません (not to eat)
- のみます (to drink) → のみません (not to drink)
To make the verb become past tense, change the 「ます/masu」 to 「ました/mashita」.
- たべます (to eat) → たべました (ate)
- のみます (to drink) → のみました (drank)
To make the verb become negative past tense, change the 「ます/masu」 to 「ませんでした/masen deshita」.
- たべます (to eat) → たべませんでした (did not ate)
- のみます (to drink) → のみませんでした (did not drink)
Quiz
Try the following sentences and see if you can get the answers. Email us your answers for a small gift on Japanese studies. This is applicable to all students from all over the world.
- Subject of email: Self Study Japanese Lesson 9 quiz
- Name:
- Email address:
- How long you have been self studying Japanese:
- 1. Annie drank a coke at KFC
- 2. Sister (いもうと/imouto) ate lunch (ひるごはん) at home
- 3. Bryan did not buy chicken (チキン/chikin) at Macdonalds. He bought it at Long John Silvers
- 4. Hiroki wrote a letter (てがみ/tegami) in Shibuya.
- 5. Did Peter buy coffee at Starbucks? No, he didn’t.
In Lesson 10, we will move on to describe things using adjectives.